It’s hard nowadays to ignore Kubernetes. It has become the ubiquitous platform of choice to deploy containerized applications. In a few years, Kubernetes has entrenched itself deeply in the DevOps landscape under the tutelage of the Cloud Native Computing Foundation. One could speculate about the reasons. IMHO, one very compelling argument is that it allows users to be independent of the API of a single cloud provider.

Consider 2 types X and Y, and a function f defined as: class X, class Y and val f = { _:X → Y() }. In Kotlin, it’s possible to call the function f with a parameter of type X using invoke(): fun f(x: X) = Y() val y: Y = f.invoke(X()). The following calls the function f with a parameter of type X using invoke().